Zoom, focus motor and closed-loop autofocus are three different things. Which one fixes which problem, and where image-based autofocus fails outright.
Three architectures for multi-magnification inspection and how each one fails. Six design steps with real DOF, NA and FOV data from 0.58X to 7.5X.
Engineering observation is not production inspection. What a 14X zoom lens delivers on a die, why 2.80 um is the limit, and what 2000X does not mean.
Size a manual zoom lens from the part: wide view sets maximum magnification, smallest feature sets minimum. Five part classes with worked FOV and sampling numbers.
A repair bench needs working distance and depth of field, not magnification. Where a stereo microscope still wins, where a C-mount zoom lens does, and the FOV arithmetic.
A 600 x 600 mm AOI panel takes 1,156 fields at a 20 mm field and 196 at 50 mm. The stitch-count arithmetic behind panel-level takt time.
Panel-level packaging needs three measurements: 2D line scan, 3D white-light interferometry and 1D film thickness. Which tolerance belongs to which channel.
Online heads can evaluate up to 100 dimensions from one capture. What that claim includes, what it excludes, and where the accuracy differs per item.
What putting an online gauge on a production line actually involves: triggering, data output, sorting logic and the interface questions to confirm with the vendor.
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