A 512 P/R metal encoder disc inspected with a 12.5X zoom lens and a 2 MP camera: real fields on a 1/2-inch sensor, illumination choices and what the images prove.
How a 14X continuous zoom lens and a 12 MP camera image a chip during laser decapsulation, and what an inclined axis does to focus and depth of field.
The difference between diffuse and collimated backlight is not brightness but edge position: t·tanα decides whether a measured diameter drifts with part thickness.
Why bright field hides scratches on machined metal, how low-angle dark field makes them visible, and how to set angle, azimuth and surface roughness limits before promising a detection rate.
Three optical problems on one PCB — pad reflectance, solder topography and silkscreen colour — need three different illuminations. How to combine them without wasting frames.
How to select and integrate a motorized zoom lens on a PCB inspection line: magnification-to-feature matching, RS-232 program positions, and where fixed optics fit.
Optical surface profiler guide: WLI vs point confocal vs focus variation, PSI/VSI mode selection and WLI100 specs for 3D topography and roughness.
Keep your AOI camera and light, shrink the field of view from 17.3 x 17.3 mm to 12 x 12 or 8 x 8 mm. The magnification maths, lens routes and WD cost.
A six-gate qualification path for optical metrology modules, from optical feasibility to change control, with the specification fields that actually transfer.
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